Electrification of agricultural machinery: is this the only way out?

With the rapid advancement of technology, agriculture is seeking more sustainable new methods, and the electrification of tractors and machinery is at the forefront of these changes. But is electrification really the only way to achieve a more efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural future? In fact, several alternative energy sources are also worth careful study. In today's article, we will explore real-world examples to understand the advantages of electrification and when other options such as biofuels or hydrogen may be more suitable.

Electrification. This is a buzzword shaping the future of agricultural machinery, so much so that not adopting electric seems off track. But is this really the only option? Does today's technology and market trends indicate that traditional engines are about to be phased out? What are the options for companies that want to use zero emission or near zero emission equipment?

The Challenge of Field Operations

The electrification of agriculture has brought about some changes. Nowadays, compact machinery can operate effectively on electricity, but for large on-site machinery, complete electrification is not yet a realistic choice. Even assuming improvements in battery range and charging speed, it is still difficult for large machinery to fully switch to electricity. This has made many farmers and contractors wonder whether investing in "green" power technology is worth it, given the high cost.

Electricity is effective, but not omnipotent

In order to better understand the role of electrification in agriculture, we need to understand the specific types of machinery, the work they do, and the environment in which they operate. Over the years, manufacturers have successfully launched compact motors such as telescopic arm forklifts and power tools (traction and portable), which have been warmly welcomed by the market. This success can be attributed to three factors: these technologies have been fully validated, new models are gradually being introduced, and manufacturers are guiding customers to make wise and cost-effective decisions.

Reduce emissions through diversified technological methods

The transition of agricultural machinery and industrial sectors to electricity is crucial for reducing emissions. However, this goal cannot be achieved solely through the use of electric engines. In fact, better results can be achieved through diversified technological methods, including the evolution and improvement of existing technologies. Many agricultural machinery manufacturers are already using various seemingly less advanced but fully tested technologies that are available for companies to use.

Telescopic arm forklift leads the trend

The agricultural and industrial industry was one of the earliest industries to adopt this method, starting with telescopic arm forklifts - machines that are particularly suitable for electrification. Many manufacturers have launched compact, dedicated electric models, rather than just using internal combustion engine versions. In some applications, the transition to electricity allows for the use of simple lead-acid batteries that are highly recyclable and have minimal environmental impact. In other cases, the quick release battery system can be replaced within five minutes, ensuring a longer operating cycle without delaying charging. The inspiration for this design method comes from the forklift industry.

Farm charging logistics

For compact tractors, especially those used for vineyard, orchard, and urban or roadside greening maintenance, they can be easily charged even on regular work sites. But for large machinery, current technology is not yet able to support equally convenient charging. Consider using a 250 kWh battery setup with a peak power of 150 kW and a continuous output of approximately 100 kW. If there is no on-site high-capacity charger that can charge within a few hours, maintaining a running time of 4-5 hours (depending on usage) will be difficult. This type of setup also requires strong electrical connections to support this level of demand.

Compact tractor: a meaningful electric solution

To better understand the current situation of electrification, we can divide the market into two categories. The first includes compact agricultural machinery, in which electrification makes sense, while the second includes large agricultural machinery, which is difficult to adapt to the needs of most enterprises except for very special circumstances.

Electrification definitely has a future in the agricultural machinery market. Manufacturers, especially those specializing in machines for specific tasks such as lifting and handling, are already researching alternative solutions, some of which have already been put into use. New operational scenarios are constantly emerging.

Electrification seems to be the main trend for the future of agricultural machinery, to the extent that those who do not adopt electric solutions may fall behind. But is this really the only way out? Does the current technology and market conditions support the idea that traditional engines will soon be completely phased out? What are the alternative options available for companies wishing to use zero emission or near zero emission machines?

What about hydrogen?

At present, hydrogen engines are not particularly feasible. Although some diesel engines can be modified to run on hydrogen, producing hydrogen is energy intensive and inefficient. In addition, hydrogenation poses operational challenges and its current low production efficiency makes it less feasible as an alternative fuel - even for fuel cells, when using hydrogen as fuel, their operational efficiency can exceed 95%.

The way forward

The practical first step may be to replace old machinery with a new model approved to use HVO fuel, which can reduce emissions by up to 90% compared to fifth stage diesel engines.

HVO is a renewable paraffin fuel, also known as "synthetic diesel" and "renewable diesel". It is produced using vegetable oil or animal oil extracted from the residues of the meat and fish industry. Unlike biodiesel, HVO does not use agricultural resources or cause deforestation as it is obtained from organic materials. It can be used anywhere diesel is used today, reducing the total amount of CO2. According to the raw materials used in HVO production, up to 90% of emissions can be achieved. In addition, compared to most traditional diesel fuels, HVO has an extremely low sulfur content, and using HVO can reduce vehicle exhaust emissions. Synthetic diesel is widely used in gas stations in Northern Europe and is becoming the next generation fuel. It is 100% fossil fuel free and 100% recyclable.

HVO fuel can be distributed, processed, and stored like any traditional fuel. Whether pure or hybrid, it can be used for any Kohler engine, whether it is a liquid cooled engine from KDI and KDW pipelines or an air-cooled engine from KD pipelines. In addition, there is no need to change the maintenance plan and normal European warranty conditions apply.

Author: World Agricultural Machinery Network

Source: Agricultural Machinery News Network